Exercise 1: Structs and Methods in Go

What is a Struct (`struct`) in Go?

A struct (`struct`) is a way to group multiple variables under the same type. It is used to model complex objects.

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

Adding Methods to Structs

In Go, you can attach methods to a struct to give it behavior:

func (p Person) Introduce() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, my name is", p.Name, "and I am", p.Age, "years old.")
}

Comparison with Other Languages

• Python: Objects are defined with `class`.
• Java: Uses `class` and `this` for attributes.
• C++: Uses `struct` and `class`, with access control.

Exercise Instructions

• Create a file structs.go.
• Declare a struct `Person` with `Name` and `Age` fields.
• Add a method `Introduce()` to display the person's information.
• Create an instance and test the method.

package main

import "fmt"

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func (p Person) Introduce() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, my name is", p.Name, "and I am", p.Age, "years old.")
}

func main() {
    p1 := Person{"Alice", 25}
    p1.Introduce()
}

Expected Output

Hello, my name is Alice and I am 25 years old.